What Is A Basement Window Well and Why Do You Need It?

Have you ever seen those half-moon-shaped structures outside basement windows and wondered what they’re for? Those are basement window wells, and believe it or not, they’re more than just a hole in the ground! They bring in natural light, keep your basement dry, and serve as escape routes during emergencies!

Unfortunately, many homeowners often overlook these structures. The lack of proper maintenance can damage the window well and, over time, the entire house - that's how important they are! Plus, they must meet building code requirements - otherwise, there may be legal consequences.

Therefore, if you plan to renovate your basement, install a new window, and upgrade your existing basement window well or excavate one, keep reading! Below, you'll find everything you need to know about these structures!

Key Takeaways

• Window wells are essential for meeting building code requirements. If your basement is a living space, you need an egress window—and that means the window well must be large and accessible enough to serve as an emergency escape route.
• Window wells help bring natural light into otherwise dark basements and promote fresh air flow, making the space feel less like a dungeon and more like a cozy extension of your home.
• With proper installation and drainage, window wells keep rain and snow away from your basement windows. Without them (or with poor installation), you risk flooding, mold, and structural damage.
• Window wells come in a variety of styles and price points. Installation costs range from $1,000–$3,800, and regular maintenance (like clearing debris and checking drainage) is key to keeping them in top shape.

What Is a Basement Window Well?

A basement window well is a reinforced structure installed around a basement window that is below ground level. It usually has a U shape that is supported by a curved metal or plastic wall. From above, the window well looks like a hole, being attached directly to the foundation, surrounding the space in front of the window. Some window wells also have stairs or ladders, which makes it easier to climb up out of it.

A window well is not just a structural feature. In fact, it has multiple purposes, the most important ones having to do with egress requirements and light and ventilation, which we'll discuss below.

Egress Requirements

Building codes mention that any living space in a house must have an egress window, which can be used as an emergency escape route. That window must have specific sizes, which are different for various regions (check local building codes for more details).

When it comes to basement windows, there's an additional requirement - if they're partially or entirely below ground, they should have a window well, which, in turn, must meet egress requirements to allow for a clear and safe escape route.

For example, according to the National Building Code of Canada, if the window opens into an egress window well, that window well should have at least 760 mm (30 in) of clearance. Moreover, the window sash should not obstruct the clearance too much. Last but not least, if the window well has a protective cover, you should be able to open it easily without any special tools.

With these details in mind, it's worth noting that failing to comply with egress requirements when it comes to window wells has legal consequences. This is why it's extremely important to invest time and resources in installing a high-quality window well that meets all legal requirements.

Brighter Spaces - Naturally

Basements are undoubtedly pretty dark and gloomy - no wonder homeowners want to get as much natural light as possible in that space! Well, basement window wells do just that. They can make a huge difference in how your basement feels by making the window feel larger and letting sunlight pour in! The space will feel brighter, warmer, and far less like a forgotten corner of the house.

Besides, more light doesn't translate just into a better-looking basement. It cuts down the need for artificial lighting, which helps reduce energy use. And there's another bonus - it also boosts curb appeal when paired with thoughtful landscaping!

Of course, no amount of sunlight can get into the basement without a quality window. That's why pairing a new window well with larger light-maximizing Magic windows can help you make the most of the daylight you're bringing in! Our windows have slimmer frames and come with fully retractable insect screens that don't reduce the amount of natural light that passes through the window when it's closed! So, if you're planning for a basement conversion project, you can contact us anytime to learn more about our windows' innovative technologies!

Improved Ventilation and Energy Efficiency

Fresh air matters, even more so in below-ground spaces because they're much more prone to high humidity levels and, thus, mold growth.

That's why properly installed window wells play a crucial role in this - they facilitate air circulation, reduce stale odors and dampness, maintain a dry basement, and prevent condensation buildup, which can lead to mold and mildew if left unchecked.

Furthermore, when window wells are installed correctly, they can actually help improve your home's energy efficiency. A well-designed and properly drained window well can protect the window frame against damage by keeping water and debris away from the window. This means the window will be less likely to develop leaks or drafts over time. And this translates into superior energy efficiency.

Water Damage Prevention

One of the most important benefits of a basement window well is the fact that it prevents water damage. If it is equipped with a proper drainage system, it diverts rainwater away from the foundation and prevents moisture ingress.

This is why it's of the essence to inspect the window well regularly and solve any drainage issues as soon as possible. Otherwise, water may seep into the basement through the window, which can result in a wet basement and further issues with the foundation.

Types of Basement Window Wells

There are various types of basement window wells available, the most common ones being metal, plastic, concrete, and fiberglass window wells. Each type offers different levels of durability, aesthetics, and cost, allowing you to select the best option for your needs.

Metal Window Wells

Metal window wells, typically made from steel or aluminum, are preferred for their durability and weather resistance. They can last over 20 years with proper maintenance, so they're great for homeowners who are looking for a cost-effective and durable solution. Moreover, metal window wells have a sleek industrial look and can be easily decorated. They are also easy to install.

On the downside, metal wells may eventually develop rust issues - depending on environmental factors. If they get damaged, they should be fully replaced.

Plastic Window Wells

Plastic window wells are lightweight and quite easy to install. They're also more budget-friendly than other window wells. But, on the other hand, they're also at a higher risk of getting damaged because they may not withstand environmental pressures over time.

Besides, plastic window wells are not as aesthetically pleasing as metal or concrete window wells. However, plastic is waterproof and rust-proof, which are great advantages for homes in regions with a humid climate.

Concrete Window Wells

Concrete window wells take the lead in terms of aesthetics and curb appeal. Furthermore, although they are more expensive, these window wells provide excellent structural integrity and long-term performance, so an investment is definitely worth considering. These window wells likely won't need any repairs for years to come, so the initial investment pays off over time.

On the other hand, you may want to consider that installing a concrete window well can be quite difficult. You'll likely have to hire professionals to do the work, which incurs more expenses.

Fiberglass Window Wells

Fiberglass window wells are lightweight and durable. They are also suitable for DIY installation and won't rot or rust in humid conditions. Fiberglass window wells are aesthetically pleasing and can enhance curb appeal when designed accordingly.

On the other hand, fiberglass window wells are prone to UV damage and fading. Moreover, they are more expensive than other window wells.

What Does the Window Well Installation Process Imply?

The installation of a window well requires careful planning and adherence to local building codes. This is why it's always best to take the professional route - installation experts are well-acquainted with all the requirements and can handle any issues that appear in the process. Here are the typical steps professionals follow to ensure the window well is installed correctly and built to last.

1. Site Assessment

During the site assessment, the experts will take into account factors like window location, soil type, ground slope, and landscape. These are evaluated to ensure effective window well functionality. This assessment is an essential part of planning the installation and ensuring that the window well will perform as intended.

2. Excavation

The excavation process involves digging a hole to the necessary depth and width to accommodate the specific window well model. During this process, the experts will also clean and inspect the exposed window well. If necessary, they will conduct all required repairs and apply a waterproof membrane.

3. Drainage Installation

Drainage comes next. An effective drainage system is extremely important for preventing water buildup in window wells. Without it, the water will simply accumulate in the window well with no means to escape. It will put pressure on the window, eventually damaging it beyond repair.

The steps involved in this process depend on multiple factors, so it's best to discuss any drainage-related details with the team you'll be hiring. For example, the experts may connect a pipe to the weeping tiles and/or install a basement sump pump to redirect water.

4. Securing the Window Well

Once the window well is positioned against the basement wall, it must be aligned with the window and securely fastened to ensure stability. It's of utmost importance for the window well to be aligned properly. Otherwise, it won't perform as needed, and you'll likely have to pay for repairs or reinstallation.

Then, gravel is packed around the window well to enhance drainage and minimize the risk of water damage. This step ensures that the window well remains stable over time and performs its intended functions effectively.

Common Issues with Basement Window Wells

Given their structure (literally a hole in the ground where dirt, debris, and water can accumulate in), window wells are prone to developing all sorts of issues. They appear most often if the window well has not been installed properly or if the homeowners don't maintain it correctly.

First things first - a window well must be designed correctly based on your window size, house design, landscape, and other factors. Otherwise, a poorly designed window well will develop problems over time. Moreover, if made of cheap materials, the window well will degrade quickly, which can cause various issues.

Secondly, window wells often develop drainage problems. In fact, blocked drains are among the most common problems that reduce the efficiency of window wells and cause damage to the window, the basement wall, and the entire property.

Drains can get blocked by leaves or dirt, for example, which causes water to accumulate in the window well. This is why it's mandatory to clean the window well regularly. Plus, wet sand and dirt can clog up the gravel, and the water won't drain. In this case, you'll have to either clean the gravel or replace it.

Thirdly, improper sloping or the lack of a drainage system altogether can also cause water accumulation in window wells, leading to flooding. Last but not least, window wells can become misaligned as the house settles. Because of this, the drainage system can get clogged.

Maintenance Tips for Basement Window Wells

Here are some maintenance tips for basement window wells:

• Clear out any debris regularly.
• Vacuum if necessary.
• Remove any ice or snow from the window well during the winter.
• Regularly clean your gutters as well, as they can cause the rainwater to overflow to the ground beneath, which can affect window well drainage.
• Install a window well cover, as it prevents surrounding debris from entering the well.
• Recaulk window well liners.
• Replace the old gravel every once in a while or clean the existing one regularly.
• Inspect the window well before and after heavy rain or snowfall.
• Contact professional cleaning/maintenance services in severe cases, such as when you can't unclog the window well yourself.

How Much Does It Cost to Install a Window Well?

It costs between $1,000 and $3,800 to install a basement window well. However, the final price depends on multiple factors, including:

• Window well materials
• Window well size
• Drainage requirements
• The depth of excavation needed
• Additional waterproofing needs
• Window well cover quality and materials
• Building permits
• Location (sometimes, if the window well is located very close to the fence, for example, it may be more difficult to install)

Choosing the Right Professional for Installation

Choosing the right person - or team - for your window well installation really matters. You want to make sure they know what they're doing, especially when it comes to basement work. Not every contractor has experience with window wells, so it's worth checking if they've done similar projects before.

It's recommended to choose an expert team that specializes only in window wells. Read reviews and look at past work, as these can tell you a lot about the quality of the team's work. It's also important to ask if the contractors follow local building codes (also if they can help you get any required permits), and safety rules - because the last thing you want is to redo things later.

Moreover, before you commit, ask for a clear breakdown of the costs and check all the details about the warranty for their work. That way, you know exactly what you're paying for and what kind of support you can expect if something goes wrong.

Basement Window Well Covers & Their Benefits

It doesn't seem like a window well cover will help too much, but it is actually more beneficial than you'd expect! For starters, they help keep leaves, dirt, snow, and rain out of the well—which means less cleanup and a lower chance of water pooling and causing leaks or flooding.

They also add a layer of security by making it harder for someone to access your basement from the outside. Plus, if you’ve got kids or pets running around, covers help prevent anyone from accidentally falling in.

You’ve got options, too, when it comes to window well cover materials. For example, you can choose clear polycarbonate covers that let in light or metal grates that allow fresh air in. You can also go for custom designs. Window well covers can also be flat, domed, or sloped.

Beautiful Basement Window Well Ideas - Spark It Up!

Window wells don't have to be dull or industrial-looking. With just a bit of creativity, you can turn yours into a highly aesthetically attractive window well! Think of the view from the inside through the basement window as a mini scene - something really pleasant to look at, especially if your basement is used as a living space. And you can decorate it almost however you want!

One simple way to improve the look of a window well is to line the inner side with decorative stone or wood paneling. This way, the window well will have a finished, polished look. You can also add plants around the top edge of the window well. If you want to see the greenery from inside the basement, go for hanging plants.

Inside the well itself - if there's enough space - you can place small garden statues, weather-safe ornaments, or weatherproof LEDs. And don't forget about the window! If the existing window is outdated or foggy, it may be time to replace it - both to enhance the aesthetics of the basement and to improve its energy efficiency!

Regardless of how you decorate your window well, don't forget about egress requirements. The space should be clear enough to allow for a safe and quick escape route in case of emergency.

Frequently Asked Questions

Should basement windows have wells?

Basement windows should have wells, especially if they are partially or entirely below ground. The window well is necessary to prevent leaking and allow in natural light. It can also serve as an escape route, in which case the window well must meet egress requirements.

What is the code for a window well in Canada?

According to egress requirements, a window well in Canada must have at least 760 mm (30 in) of clearance to provide a safe and easy exit. The window well cover must be easy to open without the use of any tools or special knowledge.

How do I keep water out of my basement window wells?

To keep water out of your basement window well, install a window well cover, redirect gutter downspouts, and improve the window well drainage system.

How much does a basement window well cost?

A basement window well costs between $1,000 and $3,800, although the final price depends on multiple factors, including the window well materials, the need for excavation, excavation depth, drainage requirements, and any necessary basement waterproofing measures.

How can window well covers benefit homeowners?

Window well covers significantly enhance safety by preventing falls and protecting against debris and water accumulation, thus safeguarding your home from potential damage. Additionally, they improve security by restricting access to basement windows.